Sake gina dala dala - mafita mai aiki
Me yasa dala dala ba daidai bane?
Bayan 1992 ƙarin bincike ya nuna cewa USDAdalaya kasance da nakasu sosai. Ta hanyar inganta amfani da dukkan mawuyacin carbohydrates da nisantar dukkan mai da mai, dadalabayar da jagora mai ɓatarwa. A takaice, ba duk mai mai banemara kyaua gare ku, kuma ta kowane fanni dukkan mawuyacin carbohydrates suna da kyau a gare ku.
A shekarar 1988, Oprah ta fitar da jan keken cike da kitsen dabbobi don nuna wa masu sauraronta irin nauyin da ta yi. Yayi kyau sosai. Amma ya zama mafi girman matsayinta na kowane lokaci.
A wancan lokacin, kitse shine makiyi, babban abin da ke haifar da hauhawar kiba da ciwon sukari a Amurka. Lokacin da Pyramid na Abinci ya fito a cikin 1992, an tsara shi ne don taimakawa Amurkawa suyi yaƙi ta hanyar bayar da shawarar a ƙoshin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya don ƙoshin lafiya. Amma shekaru da yawa daga baya, sakamakon abincin dala zai iya sanya abincinmu ba shi da ƙoshin lafiya, kuma wataƙila ya sa matsalar kiba da ciwon sukari ta zama mafi muni.
Wannan labarin yadda muka sami dala dala ba daidai ba. Don magance karuwar kiba, ciwon sukari, da matsalolin cututtukan zuciya a cikin 1980s, 'yan siyasa sun kalli abin da ya taɓa aiki don wata barazanar lafiyar jama'a: shan sigari. Tun a shekarar 1964, ofishin Babban Likita ya wallafa wani rahoto mai muhimmanci wanda ya alakanta shan sigari da cutar kansa - shan sigari ya ragu matuka kuma cututtukan da suka shafi taba sun fara raguwa.
Ya kasance wani sauyi a lafiyar jama'a kuma an yaba wa rahoton da taimakawa ceton miliyoyin rayuka. Don maimaita wani ɓangare na wannan nasarar, ofishin likitan likita ya buga rahoto mai shafi 700 a cikin 1988 game da inganta abincinmu. Babban likitan likitan yayi alfahari da cewa zurfin ilimin kimiyya ya ma fi ban mamaki almara game da shan sigari.
Wannan shine karo na farko da jami'ai suka gano rage kitse a matsayin babban fifiko na abinci. Kuma lokacin da dala dala ta USDA ta kasance shekaru huɗu daga baya, wannan ya nuna. An cakuɗa kitse a cikin Tippy Topal tare da gargaɗin kada a yi amfani da shi da ɗan kaɗan, yayin da yawancin abinci mai yawan kuzari sun mamaye shimfidar ƙasa ta dala.
Sakon da ta aike mai sauki ne kuma mai haske: carbohydrates mai kyau, mara kyau. Dalar abinci ta bazu ko'ina. Ya kasance a makarantu, fosta, a gidajenmu, da cikin kawunanmu.
Itace mafi yawan karɓaɓɓiyar jagorar cin abinci mai kyau a tarihin Amurka. Fiye da shekaru goma bayan faruwar lamarin, wani binciken Gallup da aka gudanar ya gano cewa kashi 82% na Amurkawa sun yi imanin dala ta kasance tushen kaifin basira, shirin cin abinci mai kyau. Amma duk da farin jinin dala da kuma ilmantar da jama'a game da abinci mai gina jiki, Amurkawa ba su yi haka ba, da alama dai lafiya ta samu.
Kiba da ciwon sukari sun ci gaba da tashi. To me ke faruwa? Da kyau, da farko dai ya bayyana cewa amfani da tattalin arziƙin mai a cikin dala dala ya zama mai sauƙin fahimta daga farkon. Bincike a yau ya zama kyakkyawan hujja mai ƙarfi cewa ba dukkan ƙwayoyi ake halitta ɗaya ba; kuma wasu maiko suna da kyau sosai.
A zahiri, ɗan ƙaramin mai mai kyau na iya haifar da cututtukan zuciya da kiba. Matsalolin da yakamata dala dala ta hana su bunƙasa. Kuma matsalolin saukakawa basu tsaya anan ba.
Faɗin ƙasa na dala ya ba mutane da yawa ra'ayi cewa cin abinci mai ƙwanƙwasa mai kyau yana da kyau ba tare da rarrabewa tsakanin hadadden carbohydrates da ake samu a cikin hatsi da yashi mai yashi ba - sauƙaƙan carbohydrates da aka samu a cikin farin burodi da kuma kayan da aka toya waɗanda jikinku da sauri ya zama sugars mai faɗaɗa hanji . Marubutan dala sun san wannan a lokacin, amma suna ganin yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye jagororinsu a sauƙaƙe don haka su bar ɓangaren ya zama bala'i. Abincin mai dala mai nauyi, mai girke-girke na kara kuzari zai kara wajan cin abinci mara nauyi wanda ke shirin mamaye kasar a cikin kayan mai - yogurt, kwakwalwan, nama, cuku, da kukis.
Zuwa 2005, abubuwa marasa mai da mai mai mai sun kasance kasuwar Dala biliyan 35. Mafi girman sashi na masana'antun abinci. Amma akwai wani abin kamawa da ya maye gurbin shi da wani abin da har yanzu yake so, wanda kusan koyaushe yana nufin ƙara ƙarin sukari da carbohydrates.
Idan aka kwatanta da ƙarshen shekarun '70s, yanzu muna cin kusan hatsi 60 na hatsi da fam 30 na kayan zaki a kowace shekara, yayin da kuma cin abinci har kusan 400 a rana. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan akwai alamun da ke nuna cewa hangen nesa ya canza a shekara ta 2015 jagororin cin abincin hukuma sun dauke iyaka ga cholesterol; kuma Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka a hankali ta sake nazarin jagororinta daga tsayayyar jagora zuwa ƙoshin mai. Maganar ita ce abinci mai gina jiki mai rikitarwa.
Kuma duk da kokarin da wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun tunani ke yi a duniya, ilmin abinci mai gina jiki har yanzu matashi ne da ci gaba. Adadin karatun shekara-shekara kan kiba da ciwon sukari kaɗai ya fara daga kusan 1,000 a 1960 zuwa 44,000 a 2013. Wataƙila an buga labarai fiye da miliyan ɗaya game da rage cin abinci a cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata.
Ga dukkan rikitarwa, watakila babban kuskuren abincin dala shine a cikin ƙirƙirarta saboda ƙimar sauƙin sauƙaƙawa ga kowa shine kyakkyawan girke-girke na tabbatar da kuskure. Biyan kuɗi zuwa shafin nuna mu kuma ku kasance farkon wanda zai fara jin sabbin abubuwan da Wrong yake gani.
Shin dala dala har yanzu daidai ce?
Shekaru goma, gwamnati ta shawarci Amurkawa da su guji kitse kuma su ci wanirage cin abincitushen yawanci akan carbohydrates. Amma kamar yadda NPR Richard Knox ya ba da rahoto, binciken da aka buga a cikin American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ya nunadalada kuma sauran jagororin hukuma da alama sun shuɗe.
Me ya maye gurbin dala dala?
Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka (USDA) ta fito da wani sabon hoto mai sauki, na kwano wanda aka raba shi zuwa na asaliabincikungiyoyin zuwamaye gurbinsanannendala dalawannan ana amfani dashi don jagorantar abincin Amurkawa kusan shekaru ashirin.
Menene daidai dala dala?
Masu amfani da ku na iya yin tunanin LafiyaCin Dalaa matsayin jerin kayan masarufi: Kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, hatsi gaba daya, mai mai kyau, da lafiyayyen sunadarai kamar goro, wake, kifi, da kaza ya kamata su shiga cikin motar siyayya kowane mako, tare da dan yogurt ko wani kiwoabinciidan ana so.
Me yasa dala dala take da mahimmanci?
DaAbincin Dalawakilcin gani ne na yadda ya bambantaabincikuma abin sha na taimakawa zuwa daidaitaccen lafiyayyerage cin abinci. DaAbincin Dalayana bawa mutane sassauci su zabiabincikuma yana sha daga kowane ɗakin ya dogara da nasuabinciabubuwan da ake so.04.04.2019
Yaushe aka sabunta dala dala?
1992dalaMa'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Amurka (USDA) ta gabatar da ana kiranta da 'AbinciJagoraDala'ko'Cin abinciDamaDala'. Ya kasancesabuntaa cikin 2005 zuwa 'MyPyramid', sannan an maye gurbin ta da 'MyPlate' a cikin 2011.
Menene bambanci tsakanin dala dala da MyPlate?
Idan kuna tafiya ta hanyarabincijagoradalakuma za su iya fahimtar saƙon iri-iri, tsakaitawa, da sarrafa rabo, to ta kowane hali, ci gaba da amfani dadaladon shiryar da lafiyar kuabincizabi. Sabon tsarin abinci mai gina jiki,MyPlate, shine mafi sauƙin sigar sarrafa iko na kowaneabincirukuni
Me yasa muka canza daga dala dala zuwa MyPlate?
USDA ya maye gurbindala dalatare da 'MyPlate'a fatan inganta lafiyacin abinci. Isowata a tsakiyar wata annoba ta kiba, wannan sabon dubin-duba ne ga masu lafiyacin abinciyana nufin tunatar da masu amfani su rage nauyiabincida naman sa a jikin koren.MyPlateyana inganta 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, waɗanda ke rufe rabin da'irar.biyu. 2011.
Menene kungiyoyin abinci 6 a cikin dala dala?
MaganaAbincin Dala. Akwai rukuni shida a cikinAbincin Dala: burodi, hatsi, shinkafa, da taliyarukuni(hatsi), 'ya'yan itacenrukuni, kayan lamburukuni, nama, kaji, kifi, busassun wake, kwai, da kwayarukuni(furotin), da madara, yogurt, da cukurukuni(kiwo), da mai, da mai, da zaƙirukuni.
Me yasa Dalar Abinci ta zama alwatilo?
Tare da sabon ƙira a cikin sura daban (misali, da'ira ko farantin) akwai haɗarin cewa za ayi amfani da ƙirar tare da Mai AikiAbinciJagoraDala. Wannan kawai zai kara rikicewa game da lafiyacin abinci. Wannan shine dalilin da ya saDala'ko'alwatika'suna da siffa da wayewar da aka danganta da ita an kiyaye.